By Rumeshika Kanagaraj
Every year, the night sky graces us with fleeting streaks of light meteors, or “shooting stars” as Earth journeys through dusty trails left by ancient comets. These mesmerizing light shows are known as meteor showers, and they occur when our planet crosses paths with clouds of cosmic debris. As these tiny fragments collide with Earth’s atmosphere at high speeds, they burn up in flashes of light, creating the spectacle we admire from below.
One such celestial event is the η-Lyrid meteor shower, a lesser-known but fascinating display tied to the long-period comet C/1983 H1 (IRAS–Araki–Alcock). While the η-Lyrids don’t draw the same crowds as August’s brilliant Perseids, they offer their own charm with swift, subtle streaks against the silence of the early morning sky.
The broader Lyrid meteor shower traces its origins to Comet Thatcher (C/1861 G1), discovered by amateur astronomer A.E. Thatcher. With a history spanning over 2,700 years, the Lyrids are among the oldest recorded showers. Chinese astronomers documented a strong Lyrid display in 687 B.C., and a spectacular 1803 outburst in Richmond, Virginia, led a journalist to compare it to “a shower of sky rockets”. These meteors typically radiate from the constellation Lyra, and they enter Earth’s atmosphere at high velocities not as fast as the head-on Leonids, but still quick enough to leave bright, swift trails in the sky.
In 2025, the η-Lyrids will be active from May 3 to May 14, with peak activity expected around May 8. This year, the conditions are slightly challenging; the moon will be nearly full (only 3 days shy), which could obscure the dimmer meteors with its brightness. Still, under dark skies and with some patience, stargazers may catch a glimpse of two meteors per hour at peak, especially in areas with minimal light pollution like rural zones in the Northern Hemisphere.
In New Delhi, the shower’s radiant point will reach its highest point in the sky (74°) around 4:00 AM IST, offering the best viewing window just before dawn on May 8. Observers are encouraged to watch the skies from 11:00 PM on May 7 onwards, leaning back and letting their eyes adjust for at least 30 minutes. Rather than looking directly at the radiant, look 30-40° away from it for the best chance of spotting meteors.
Meteor showers like the η-Lyrids form as Earth moves through dust trails shed by comets or asteroids. These tiny particles, often no larger than grains of sand, share similar orbits with their parent bodies. As Earth encounters these streams at specific points in its orbit each year, we experience showers that radiate from a common point in the sky. Some showers occasionally intensify into what’s known as an “outburst,” producing up to 100 meteors per hour, though such spikes are difficult to predict.
While the η-Lyrid meteor shower may not deliver a dazzling storm this year, it offers something subtler: a moment of quiet wonder, a connection to the cosmos, and a reminder that even the tiniest specks of dust can light up the sky. So, on the night of May 7–8, step outside. Find a quiet, dark spot. Look up. And let the universe put on its show.
Reference
Ford, D. (2025, May 4). In-The-Sky.org. In-The-Sky.org. https://in-the-sky.org/news.php?id=20250508_10_100
Society, P. (2025, April 3). The Lyrid meteor shower 2025: How to watch. The Planetary Society. https://www.planetary.org/articles/your-guide-meteor-shower
Dobrijevic, D. (2025, April 20). When is the best time to see the Lyrid meteor shower 2025? Space. https://www.space.com/best-time-see-lyrid-meteor-shower-2025